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COBOL statements also have a veryĮnglish-like grammar, making it quite easy to learn. Sections that build into an elegant whole. It is interesting to note that aĬOBOL program is built in a way similar to an essay, with four or five major It also allowed for these to be grouped into arrays and records, so thatĭata could be tracked and organized better. Its only data types were numbers and strings of
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Business computing started to take off in 1959, andīecause of this, COBOL was developed. Numbers, it was not so good at handling input and output, which mattered most Logical variables (TRUE or FALSE), and integer, real, and double-precision Theīasic types of data in use today got their start in FORTRAN, these included GOTO statements, but at the time, these commands were a big step forward. This language would be considered restrictive as it only included IF, DO, and Provided the programmer with low-level access to the computers innards. The language wasĭesigned at IBM for scientific computing. Its name stands for FORmula TRANslating system. In 1957, the first of the major languages appeared in the form ofįORTRAN. Programmer no longer had to do the work by hand. In 1951, Grace Hopper wrote the first compiler, A-0 (AĬompiler is a program that turns the language’s statements into 0’s and 1’sįor the computer to understand. Still, it was the first step towards the complex languages of In 1949, a few years after Von Neumann’s work, the language Short CodeĪppeared (It was the first computer language for electronicĭevices and it required the programmer to change its statements into 0’s andġ’s by hand.
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Alas, his work did not become widely known Konrad Zuse, a German, was inventing his own computing systems independentlyĪnd developed many of the same concepts, both in his machines and in the “ConditionalĬontrol transfer” gave rise to the idea of “libraries,” which are blocks ofĬode that can be reused over and over.
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(expression) THEN, and looped such as with a FOR statement.
TRUE BASIC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE CODE
The second part of the idea stated thatĬomputer code should be able to branch based on logical statements such as IF Jumped to in any order, instead of a single set of chronologically ordered Rise to the notion of subroutines, or small blocks of code that could be Von NeumannĬalled it “conditional control transfer” (This idea gave Instead, complex instructions shouldīe used to control the simple hardware, allowing it to be reprogrammed muchĮxtremely important to the development of programming languages. Technique stated that the actual computer hardware should be simple and not The first was known as “shared-program technique” (This He developed two importantĬoncepts that directly affected the path of computer programming languages. Working at the Institute for Advanced Study. “programmed” by presetting switches and rewiring the entire system for each Many of the same principles of Babbage’s engine and hence, could only be Eventually, physical motion was replaced byĮlectrical signals when the US Government built the ENIAC in 1942. Languages and the second major languages, which are in use today.ĭifference engine could only be made to execute tasks by changing the gears Languages of the last fifty years have come in two stages, the first major Into the computer and then executed later these languages acquired advancedįeatures such as logical branching and object orientation.
TRUE BASIC PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE SERIES
Steps to wire a particular program these morphed into a series of steps keyed Computer languages were first composed of a series of Instructing them to perform a specific task. For a more up-to-date reference, I shamelessly point you to Wikipedia.Ī History of Computer Programming Languagesīabbage’s difference engine in 1822, computers have required a means of In 2004, I made two updates in response to e-mailed criticisms, but the text is otherwise unchanged. I have placed the report here for posterity and amusement (how could I have possibly left out Python?). For several years after I wrote it, the text was available online and it became a reference for other articles, Wikipedia entries, and even college courses. This history was written in the spring of 2000 when I was in eighth grade.